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DOHLOGO.GIF (7396 bytes)EPI UPDATE

A weekly publication by the Bureau of Epidemiology

For September 13, 1999

"The reason for collecting, analyzing and disseminating information on a disease is to control that disease. Collection and analysis should not be allowed to consume resources if action does not follow."

--Foege WH et al. Int. J of Epidemiology 1976; 5:29-37.

Richard S. Hopkins, MD, MSPH, Bureau Chief, State Epidemiologist

Don Ward, Surveillance Section Administrator, Epi Update Managing Editor

Jill H. Parker, MSP, Epi Update Editor

Bureau of Epidemiology Frequent Contributors:

Steven Wiersma, MD, MPH,

Deputy State Epidemiologist

William J. Bigler, PhD, MS,

Senior Epidemiologist

Jodi Baldy, MPH,

Biological Scientist IV

Ursula E. Bauer, PhD,

Chronic Disease Epidemiologist

John Werth, MA,

Bureau Education Coordinator

Lisa Conti, DVM, MPH,

State Public Health Veterinarian

Regional Epidemiologists:

Dolly Katz, PhD, MPH,

Southeast Florida

Roger Sanderson, RN, MA,

Southwest Florida

Carina Blackmore, MS Vet. Med., PhD,

Northeast Florida Carina Blackmore, MS Vet. Med., PhD,

Zuber Mulla, MSPH,

Central Florida Carina Blackmore, MS Vet. Med., PhD,

Gérard Krause, MD, DTMH,

Northwest Florida

Please print out this material and share with epidemiology staff, county health department directors, administrators, medical directors, nursing directors, environmental health directors and others with an interest in information of this type. Thank you.

    The Bureau of Epidemiology is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for consultation at our main number (850/245-4401) PLEASE NOTE: Consultation after 5 p.m. & on weekends is intended for emergencies.

In this issue:

1. Don’t Forget to Register for the Annual Statewide Epidemiology Seminar (ASES)!

2. Vibrio vulnificus and Oysters

3. Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) Update

4. Employment Opportunities

5. Internet Resources for the Public Health Professional

6. Florida Past - Medicine, Folklore and Superstition

7. Weekly Disease Table - Week 35

 

1. Don't Forget to Register for the Annual Statewide Epidemiology

        Seminar (ASES)!

The time is rapidly approaching for the Annual Statewide Epidemiology Seminar ( September 30-October 1). We believe we have developed an interesting, informative and challenging agenda, a list of exciting speakers and an excellent poster session, not to mention time and occasion for colleagues to interact. Be sure to take advantage of this once-a-year opportunity! Reserve your hotel room and register for the meeting early.

For those interested in laboratory issues related to epidemiology, a pre-seminar meeting will be held on the evening of Wednesday, September 29th, for participants to learn more about these issues. There is no registration fee for this meeting.

Additional details regarding the Annual Seminar or the pre-seminar laboratory meeting are available on the Department of Health internet and intranet web sites, or by contacting John Werth, Bureau Education Coordinator. ¨

2. Vibrio vulnificus and Oysters

Richard S. Hopkins, MD, MSPH, Bureau Chief, State Epidemiologist

Cases of Vibrio vulnificus infections continue to occur in people who recently ate uncooked oysters; another death was reported this week. People at greatest risk of severe disease and death include those with chronic liver disease or immune dysfunction. Many people with heavy alcohol intake have liver damage but do not know it or do not acknowledge it. Restaurants and stores serving or selling raw oysters are required by Florida administrative rules to post warning signs. ¨

3. Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) Update

Lisa Conti, DVM, MPH, State Public Health Veterinarian

A case of EEE in a child from Walton County was confirmed earlier this week. This is the first case for 1999. The average annual number of cases in Florida is one. An updated map entitled " EEE in Horses by Owner's County of Residence and Month of Report, January through August 31, 1999" is attached. The map will also be posted to the DOH internet web page at www.doh.state.fl.us . Should you have trouble accessing the map via e-mail or the internet, please contact Jill Parker. ¨

EEE in Horses by Owner's County of Residence and Month of Report

4. Employment Opportunities

Bureau of Epidemiology, Chronic Disease Section (submitted by Dan Thompson)

The Bureau of Epidemiology has an opening in the Chronic Disease Section. The position is a Medical/Health Care Program Analyst, which is a pay grade 24 with a minimum salary of $34,831. The closing date is 9/29/99. Due to fiscal constraints, we plan to hire at or very close to the minimum salary. This position was held until recently by Annette Schwabe.

The position is Career Service and is funded by the National Program of Cancer Registries Grant from CDC. Most of the work of this position is in the areas of cancer epidemiology and cancer registry issues. One of the major duties for this position is the

production of the Florida Annual Cancer Report. An example of this report is the 1995 report available on the Epidemiology web page within the DOH internet site (www.doh.state.fl.us).

Good candidates for this position are persons with experience working with large data sets and programming in SPSS, SAS or similar software, and experience in cancer epidemiology and statistics. Last but certainly not least, is the inclination and ability to write up the results of the work.

Persons interested in this job can find out how to apply and learn more about the required education and experience by looking up the Job Announcement on the internet at http://www.state.fl.us/oraweb/owa/jobvac.detail?pvac_key=9638. The position number is 068590.

Bureau of Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD)

After many years of dedicated public health service, Jack Wroten is retiring from his position as Chief of STD Prevention and Control. Those persons interested in applying for the vacancy can find the job description and additional information on the internet at

http://www.state.fl.us/oraweb/owa/jobvac.detail?pvac_key=9631. The position number is 048119 and the closing date is September 17, 1999. ¨

5. Internet Resources for the Public Health Professional

(The following information was excerpted from The C· a· use: Careful Antibiotic Use to Prevent Resistance, Summer Issue, Volume 2, July 1999.)

The CDC's Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases has a website focusing on the prevention of antibiotic resistance. Updated information and educational materials about antibiotic resistance are available. The website is: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/antibioticresistance/. ¨

6. Florida Past - Medicine, Folklore and Superstition

William J. Bigler, PhD

For many years the State Board of Health kept scrapbooks of clippings from newspapers throughout the state. The material saved generally focused on local, state and national public health issues, but occasionally an odd item was included. Th following article entitled "SURE CURES FOR ALL" appeared in the Key West Citizen on June 22, 1934.

"A complete list of superstitious ideas concerning the prevention or cure of diseases, prevalent among ignorant people even to this day, would be almost endless. In a recent address Dr. Joseph L. Miller, long a practicing physician among the hill folk of West Virginia, enumerated a few of them, including the following:"

"Soot or cobwebs stop bleeding; a bag of asafetida hung around the neck prevents measles, diphtheria and whooping cough; amber necklaces prevent goiter; rubbing a greasy dishrag over a baby’s face stops convulsions; piercing the ears aids weak eyes; nutmegs worn around the neck prevent indigestion and colic; blood from a black cat cures erysipelas; carrying horse chestnuts in the pocket prevents rheumatism; a coin held under the upper lip and a cold key dropped down the back will stop a nosebleed."

"The annoyance of hiccoughs may be readily abated by taking nine sips of water, counting to nine backwards and turning around nine times; putting on a baby’s clothes feet first insures normal growth; wearing the knee cap of a sheep prevents cramps; placing a pan of water under the bed stops night sweats; wearing a rattlesnake skin prevents lumbago; rubbing snake oil, skunk fat or fishing worm oil into the joints cures inflammation; wrapping a warm red woolen sock around the neck cures sore throat."

"The ritual of curing asthma is more elaborate. Back the patient up against a tree, peg a lock of hair into a hole bored in its trunk and snip it off. When the bark grows over the hair the asthma will be gone."

"All the foregoing are utterly foolish procedures of course, but superstitious persons believe in some or all of them. And if such beliefs give them any comfort, who should worry." ¨

7. Weekly Disease Table: Week 35

County-Confirmed Cases, Sorted Alphabetically by Disease

(NR represents years that the disease lacked status as a reportable condition)

DISEASE

1996 TO DATE

1997 TO DATE

1998 TO DATE

3 YEAR AVERAGE

TO DATE

1998 TOTAL CASES

1999 TO DATE

Amebiasis

52

39

45

45.3

91

33

Anthrax

0

0

0

0

0

0

Botulism

0

0

0

0

0

0

Brucellosis

5

0

2

2.3

3

1

Campylobacteriosis

775

667

497

646.3

975

612

Ciguatera

8

6

7

7

7

2

Cryptosporidiosis

114

79

90

94.3

203

84

Cyclosporiasis

176

63

6

81.7

6

5

Dengue

0

3

2

1.7

5

2

Diphtheria

0

0

0

0

0

0

E. coli O157:H7

19

38

26

27.7

57

38

E. coli, other (known serotype)

3

5

3

3.7

12

12

Ehrlichiosis, Human

4

2

0

2

1

2

Encephalitis, Eastern Equine

0

2

0

0.7

0

0

Encephalitis, St. Louis

0

0

0

0

2

0

Encephalitis, other (known organism)

4

8

3

5

7

3

Encephalitis, post-infectious1

12

6

8

8.7

21

5

Giardiasis (acute)

1155

984

862

1000.3

1636

697

Haemophilus influenzae, invasive1

15

17

29

20.3

45

33

Hansen’s Disease (Leprosy)

1

0

3

1.3

4

2

Hantavirus Infection

0

0

0

0

0

0

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

0

3

7

3.3

12

6

Hemorrhagic Fever

0

0

0

0

0

0

Hepatitis A

298

320

330

316

539

438

Hepatitis B

341

255

263

286.3

466

280

Hepatitis C2

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

40

Hepatitis Non-A, Non-B

57

59

59

58.3

95

4

Hepatitis, perinatal B2

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

2

Hepatitis, unspecified

3

5

10

6

26

11

Hepatitis, +HBsAg, pregnant woman2

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

12

Lead Poisoning

1293

916

1163

1124

1805

444

Legionellosis

24

18

24

22

48

18

Leptospirosis

0

0

1

0.3

2

0

Listeriosis2

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

21

Lyme Disease

11

21

27

19.7

71

24

Malaria

57

54

40

50.3

96

56

Measles

1

3

2

2

2

2

Meningococcal Disease (N. meningitidis)

135

108

92

111.7

133

78

Meningitis, Group B Streptococci

17

11

11

13

22

11

Meningitis, Haemophilus influenzae1

5

6

11

7.3

12

11

Meningitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae

75

51

58

61.3

96

75

Meningitis, Listeria monocytogenes

4

2

4

3.3

13

6

Meningitis, other bacterial (including unspecified)

72

40

39

50.3

75

50

Mercury Poisoning

5

2

0

2.3

4

2

Mumps

6

8

9

7.7

11

3

Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning2

3

0

0

1

0

0

Pertussis

68

50

32

50

39

60

Pesticide Poisoning

1

0

1

0.7

1

1

Plague

0

0

0

0

0

0

Poliomyelitis

0

0

0

0

0

0

Psittacosis

0

0

1

0.3

2

0

Rabies, Animal

159

197

140

165.3

215

131

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

1

2

1

1.3

2

2

Rubella, including congenital

10

1

3

4.7

4

0

Salmonellosis

1412

1218

1434

1354.7

3038

1507

Shigellosis

952

835

1391

1059.3

2343

916

Smallpox2

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

0

Staphlococcus aureus, (GISA/VISA)2

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

0

Staphlococcus aureus, (GRSA/VRSA)2

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

0

Streptococcal Disease, invasive Group A

2

25

32

19.7

57

67

Streptococcus pneumoniae, invasive disease

4

135

300

146.3

493

433

Tetanus

1

1

2

1.3

3

2

Toxic Shock Syndrome

0

1

4

1.7

4

4

Toxoplasmosis

6

4

7

5.7

15

10

Typhoid Fever

17

7

11

11.7

16

22

Vibrio cholerae (serogrp O1)

0

0

0

0

0

1

Vibrio cholerae (serogrp Non-O1)

2

6

6

4.7

11

8

Vibrio vulnificus

7

10

17

11.3

35

12

Vibrio other (including unspecified)

16

21

53

30

73

30

Yellow Fever

0

0

0

0

0

0

1 Haemophilus influenzae can be the agent responsible for disease under three of the reportable conditions listed-: "Haemophilus influenzae, invasive" and under "Encephalitis, post infectious." Cases of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis are reported under "Meningitis, H. influenzae."

2 The reportable disease rule was revised in July, 1999. Kawasaki Disease, Histoplasmosis, Reye Syndrome, and Typhus were deleted from the weekly disease table since cases are no longer reportable as of July 4, 1999. Hepatitis C; perinatal hepatitis B; hepatitis B +HbsAg, pregnant woman; listeriosis; smallpox, S. aureus (GISA/VISA) and S. aureus (GRSA/VRSA) were added to the reporting requirements as of July 4, 1999. Paralytic shellfish poisoining is now referred to as neurotoxic shellfish poisoning.

This page was last modified on: 10/26/2012 09:11:57