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EPI UPDATE
A weekly publication by the Bureau of Epidemiology
For April 26, 2000
"The reason for collecting, analyzing and disseminating information on a disease is to control that disease. Collection and analysis should not be allowed to consume resources if action does not follow."
--Foege WH et al. Int. J of Epidemiology 1976; 5:29-37.
Richard S. Hopkins, MD, MSPH, Bureau Chief, State Epidemiologist
Don Ward, Surveillance Section Administrator, Epi Update Managing Editor
Jill H. Parker, MSP, Epi Update Editor
Bureau of Epidemiology Frequent Contributors:
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Steven Wiersma, MD, MPH,
Deputy State Epidemiologist |
William J. Bigler, PhD, MS,
Senior Epidemiologist |
Jodi Baldy, MPH,
Biological Scientist IV |
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Ursula E. Bauer, PhD,
Chronic Disease Epidemiologist |
John Werth, MA,
Bureau Education Coordinator |
Lisa Conti, DVM, MPH,
State Public Health Veterinarian |
Regional Epidemiologists:
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Dolly Katz, PhD, MPH,
SE Florida |
Roger Sanderson, RN, MA,
SW Florida |
Carina Blackmore, MS Vet. Med., PhD,
NE Florida Carina Blackmore, MS Vet. Med., PhD, |
Zuber Mulla, MSPH,
Central Florida Carina Blackmore, MS Vet. Med., PhD, |
Gérard Krause, MD, DTMH,
NW Florida |
Please print out this material and share with epidemiology staff, county health department directors, administrators, medical directors, nursing directors, environmental health directors and others with an interest in information of this type. Thank you.
The Bureau of Epidemiology is available 24 hours a day, 7 days
a week for consultation at our main number (850/245-4401) PLEASE NOTE:
Consultation after 5 p.m. & on weekends is intended for emergencies.
In this issue:
1. Reminder: Communicable Disease Epidemiology Training, Lake City, May 9th-10th
2. DOH Receives funding for West Nile Virus Surveillance and Arbovirus Surveillance Coordinator
3. Florida Past – May Day Health Festival
4. Weekly Disease Table: Week
1. Reminder: Communicable Disease Epidemiology Training to be held May 9th –10th in Lake City
Melanie Black, LCSW, Bureau of Epidemiology
The Bureau of Epidemiology and the Columbia County Health Department are sponsoring a regional training program for county health department staff members and partner agencies involved in epidemiology. The training program will take place in Lake City, Florida on May 9th-10th and will provide an overview of epidemiologic principles such as disease reporting, disease surveillance and communicable disease outbreak investigation.
The deadline for registration has been extended to Wednesday, May 3rd. On-line registration is now available on the Bureau of Epidemiology Intranet web page. To register, click on this link: http://www.doh.state.fl.us/Disease_ctrl/epi/conf/training/index.htm
If you have questions related to this program, please
fell free to contact Melanie Black, Professional Training Coordinator for the
Bureau of Epidemiology.
2. DOH Receives funding for West Nile Virus Surveillance and Arbovirus Surveillance Coordinator
Dr. Lisa Conti, State Public Health Veterinarian
The Florida Department of Health (DOH) was one of 19 sites recently awarded monies from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for West Nile Virus (WNV) surveillance. While WNV has not been identified in Florida to date, the ecology of the state is such that WNV could be maintained in natural cycles. DOH will apply the new funding to enhance the state's ability to recognize the occurrence of West Nile virus in Florida, to gather and disseminate information quickly and meaningfully, and to respond to such situations as part of an interagency team for arbovirus control. To assist with meeting these objectives, we are pleased to announce the addition of Ms. Robin Oliveri to the Bureau of Epidemiology staff as the Arbovirus Surveillance Coordinator. Look for Ms. Oliveri's regular surveillance summaries in upcoming Epi Update articles.
Importantly, this funding will also allow the DOH Laboratory to become self-sufficient to monitor for West Nile virus occurrence, including virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) work and the addition of WNV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests for samples submitted for arbovirus panels.
3. Florida Past – May Day Health Festival
William J. Bigler, PhD
In 1925 the American Child Health Association, of which Herbert Hoover was president, requested nationwide observance of the first week in May as Child Health Week. The Florida State Board of Health appointed Mrs. Laurie Jean Reid, R.N. Director of the Bureau of Child Welfare and Public Health Nursing as State Chairman of Florida’s program. The state-wide project included appointment of a chairman for each county, who was also president of the local chapter of the Florida Federation of Women’s Clubs, to assure that "some special observance was made of the MAY DAY FESTIVAL in every town and hamlet." The following excerpts from an article penned by Byrtene C. Anderson, R.N. that appeared in the April 1925 issue of Florida Health Notes (Vol.17, No.5) describe the planned program activities and major objectives.
While activities will necessarily vary according to size and nature of each locality, the program suggested to the County Chairman is one which will stress ‘Health in Play" and "Constructive Health Education." A tentative plan for four days activity, which may be elaborated or simplified to suit the needs of the communities, has been suggested as follows:
Friday, May 1st May Day Festivities – Maypole Dance, after which the Queen issues an edict to her subjects as to the care of their health. Health parades, pageants or any activity that stresses the connection of Health and Play.
Saturday, May 2nd – clinics for weighing and measuring well babies.
Sunday, May 3rd – Sermons by ministers stressing the relation of religion and health; special classes in Sunday school where the importance of health is brought out.
Monday, May 4th – General "Clean-up" Day, clean streets, alleys, public buildings, school yards and public play grounds; remove all tin cans that will be breeding places for mosquitoes and clean any spots that might be breeding grounds for flies.
The plan for the May Day Health Festival in Florida has the official endorsement of Honorable John W. Martin, Governor of the State, and the sympathy and active cooperation of the various civic and philanthropic organizations. It solicits and deserves the interest of everyone who is interested in children.
The children should realize that it is their own day to celebrate the progress they made during the year in building stronger bodies and for pledging greater gains before the dawn of another May Day.
For the grownups it should have a more serious purport. It should be marked by them by a get-together to study the factors in their community that are assets in building healthier boys and girls and to discuss the development of other safe guards of health.
4. Weekly Disease Table: Week 16
County-Confirmed Cases, Sorted Alphabetically by Disease
(NR represents years that the disease lacked status as a reportable condition)
|
DISEASE |
1997 TO DATE |
1998 TO DATE |
1999 TO DATE |
3 YEAR AVERAGE
TO DATE |
1999 TOTAL CASES |
2000 TO DATE |
|
Amebiasis |
13 |
14 |
12 |
13 |
66 |
1 |
|
Anthrax |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Botulism |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
|
Brucellosis |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0.3 |
3 |
0 |
|
Campylobacteriosis |
214 |
166 |
208 |
196 |
987 |
200 |
|
Ciguatera |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0.7 |
2 |
0 |
|
Cryptosporidiosis |
21 |
27 |
21 |
23 |
178 |
11 |
|
Cyclosporiasis |
1 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
|
Dengue |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0.7 |
3 |
1 |
|
Diphtheria |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
E. coli O157:H7 |
14 |
4 |
10 |
9.3 |
54 |
8 |
|
E. coli , other (known serotype) |
2 |
2 |
7 |
3.7 |
16 |
4 |
|
Ehrlichiosis, Human |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
|
Encephalitis, Eastern Equine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
|
Encephalitis, St. Louis |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
|
Encephalitis, other (known organism) |
5 |
3 |
2 |
3.3 |
5 |
3 |
|
Encephalitis, post-infectious1 |
3 |
0 |
1 |
1.3 |
14 |
1 |
|
Giardiasis (acute) |
349 |
283 |
220 |
284 |
1318 |
247 |
|
Haemophilus influenzae , invasive1 |
6 |
14 |
15 |
11.7 |
50 |
17 |
|
Hansen’s Disease (Leprosy) |
0 |
3 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
|
Hantavirus Infection |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome |
2 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
7 |
2 |
|
Hemorrhagic Fever |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Hepatitis A |
127 |
160 |
161 |
149.3 |
799 |
152 |
|
Hepatitis B |
96 |
90 |
82 |
89.3 |
536 |
101 |
|
Hepatitis C2 |
NR |
NR |
9 |
NR |
58 |
13 |
|
Hepatitis Non-A, Non-B |
20 |
20 |
0 |
13.3 |
11 |
6 |
|
Hepatitis, perinatal B2 |
NR |
NR |
0 |
NR |
|
1 |
|
Hepatitis, unspecified |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
16 |
3 |
|
Hepatitis, +HBsAg, pregnant woman2 |
NR |
NR |
1 |
NR |
237 |
74 |
|
Lead Poisoning |
362 |
440 |
159 |
320.3 |
916 |
227 |
|
Legionellosis |
5 |
14 |
7 |
8.7 |
27 |
15 |
|
Leptospirosis |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
|
Listeriosis2 |
NR |
NR |
5 |
NR |
33 |
8 |
|
Lyme Disease |
4 |
6 |
3 |
4.3 |
50 |
6 |
|
Malaria |
18 |
16 |
22 |
18.7 |
97 |
16 |
|
Measles |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
|
Meningococcal Disease (N. meningitidis) |
60 |
46 |
35 |
47 |
122 |
32 |
|
Meningitis, Group B Streptococci |
4 |
5 |
5 |
4.7 |
14 |
5 |
|
Meningitis, Haemophilus influenzae1 |
4 |
4 |
7 |
5 |
14 |
1 |
|
Meningitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae |
30 |
39 |
44 |
37.7 |
98 |
38 |
|
Meningitis, Listeria monocytogenes |
0 |
2 |
2 |
1.3 |
13 |
1 |
|
Meningitis, other bacterial (including unspecified) |
13 |
16 |
15 |
14.7 |
60 |
25 |
|
Mercury Poisoning |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0.3 |
7 |
3 |
|
Mumps |
7 |
8 |
1 |
5.3 |
6 |
0 |
|
Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Pertussis |
28 |
11 |
7 |
15.3 |
85 |
7 |
|
Pesticide Poisoning |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0.7 |
32 |
1 |
|
Plague |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Poliomyelitis |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Psittacosis |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Rabies, Animal |
89 |
69 |
49 |
69 |
176 |
42 |
|
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
|
Rubella, including congenital |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0.3 |
1 |
1 |
|
Salmonellosis |
388 |
384 |
423 |
398.3 |
3062 |
361 |
|
Shigellosis |
285 |
369 |
370 |
341.3 |
1489 |
348 |
|
Smallpox2 |
NR |
NR |
0 |
NR |
0 |
0 |
|
Staphylococcus aureus, (GISA/VISA)2 |
NR |
NR |
0 |
NR |
0 |
0 |
|
Staphylococcus aureus, (GRSA/VRSA)2 |
NR |
NR |
0 |
NR |
0 |
0 |
|
Streptococcal Disease, invasive Group A |
11 |
16 |
16 |
14.3 |
93 |
52 |
|
Streptococcus pneumoniae , invasive disease |
66 |
172 |
178 |
138.7 |
690 |
325 |
|
Tetanus |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0.7 |
3 |
0 |
|
Toxic Shock Syndrome |
0 |
3 |
2 |
1.7 |
6 |
0 |
|
Toxoplasmosis |
2 |
4 |
4 |
3.3 |
17 |
2 |
|
Typhoid Fever |
3 |
7 |
17 |
9 |
23 |
1 |
|
Vibrio cholerae (serogrp O1) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
|
Vibrio cholerae (serogrp Non-O1) |
3 |
1 |
3 |
2.3 |
9 |
1 |
|
Vibrio vulnificus |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1.3 |
23 |
0 |
|
Vibrio other (including unspecified) |
8 |
4 |
10 |
7.3 |
48 |
7 |
|
Yellow Fever |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 Haemophilus influenzae can be the agent responsible for disease under three of the reportable conditions listed-: "Haemophilus influenzae, invasive" and under "Encephalitis, post infectious." Cases of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis are reported under "Meningitis, H. influenzae."
2 The reportable disease rule was revised in July, 1999. Kawasaki Disease, Histoplasmosis, Reye Syndrome, and Typhus were deleted from the weekly disease table since cases are no longer reportable as of July 4, 1999. Hepatitis C; perinatal hepatitis B; hepatitis B +HbsAg, pregnant woman; listeriosis; smallpox, S. aureus (GISA/VISA) and S. aureus (GRSA/VRSA) were added to the reporting requirements as of July 4, 1999. Paralytic shellfish poisoning is now referred to as neurotoxic shellfish poisoning.
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